target_config.lua and target_config_check.lua don't pass a table of
callbacks anymore, so target_config_lib.lua can by simplified by moving
all the code that was in the returned function to the toplevel.

So far, we were using a sort operation on the generated .config to
implement precedence of =y packages over =m, and =m over unset.
Unfortunately, this sort not only used for packages, but for all config
lines. This made it impossible to override settings from targets/generic
in a target config when the new setting was sorted before the generic
setting.

To fix this, track configurations by their keys, so we can properly
override config keys that were set before. Value-based precedence is
only preserved for package configuration.

The config() and try_config() calls always take key and value as
separate arguments now. Strings are quoted automatically; the values
true, nil and false map to y, m and unset for tristate options. config()
can take an optional third argument to override the error message to
display when the setting fails to apply.

All existing target configs generate the same .config with the old and the
new code. The new code is also a bit faster on targets with many devices.

The old bash-based parsing code was way too complex. Replace it with Lua.